Table of Content
Introduction
Non-destructive Testing (NDT) is a testing and analysis technique used by industry to evaluate the properties of a material, component, structure, or system for characteristic differences or welding defects and discontinuities without causing damage to the original part.
NDT is also known as non-destructive examination (NDE), non-destructive inspection (NDI), and Non-destructive Evaluation (NDE).
As we know, Non-destructive Testing can generally be split into two areas: surface techniques and sub-surface techniques.
These techniques are then categorized into various testing methods such as visual testing, Liquid Penetrant Testing, acoustic emission testing, Leak Testing, radiography, ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing, eddy-current testing, vibration analysis, thermal/infrared testing, laser testing.
Comparison between the different Non-destructive Testing Methods
Let’s have a look at the points that differentiate them from each other.
1. Visual Testing
Visual Testing is the oldest form of testing. Can check for damage including cracks, corrosion, and misalignment
2. Liquid Penetrant Testing
PT Flexible technique used in the Aviation Industry. Can detect surface defects and structural damage in non-porous materials
3. Acoustic Emission Testing
Acoustic Emission Testing an abrupt force is used leaks and active corrosion can be detected.
4. Leak Testing (LT)
Involves pressurizing & immersing the test object in a liquid detect gas (usually air) leaking from the test piece in the form of bubbles.
5. Radiographic Testing
Radiographic Testing can use both x-rays for thin materials and gamma rays for thicker materials to show discontinuities in the testing object.
6. Ultrasonic Testing
Ultrasonic Testing uses high-frequency sound waves to locate defects conduct examinations and measurements on a test area.
7. Magnetic Particle Testing
Magnetic Particle Testing involves inducing a magnetic field in the test object find discontinuities at or near the surface of ferromagnetic materials
8. Eddy Current Testing
Eddy Current Testing (ECT) induces an electromagnetic field in a conductive test object and measures the secondary magnetic field generated around the electric current
9. Vibration Analysis
VA used to monitor the vibration signatures generated by a rotating piece of machinery
10. Thermal/Infrared Testing
Thermal/Infrared Testing is mapping the surface temperatures of an object used to detect damage such as corrosion, delamination, voids, and disbands
11. Laser Testing Methods
Laser Testing Methods Useful in detecting tiny flaws use laser light in different ways to detect deformation on the surface of objects and computer processing to compare stressed and unstressed conditions
Conclusion
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